How EMDR Works
1. History & Preparation
The therapist gathers information and explains the EMDR process, helping the client build trust and learn calming techniques.
2. Identifying the Target memory
The client chooses a specific memory to work on — including the image, thoughts, emotions, and body sensations related to it.
3. Desensitisation
The therapist guides the client through sets of bilateral stimulation, in order to reduce the distress of the memory, this is knwn as "processing". Bilateral stimulation usually involves moving fingers side-to-side as the client follows with their eyes. Sounds or taps may also be used.
4. Installing Positive Beliefs (Installation)
Once the memory feels less disturbing, the therapist helps the client associate it with a more positive belief (e.g., "I am safe now", or "I am good enough").
5. Body Scan
The client checks for any lingering physical tension or discomfort tied to the memory.
6. Closure & Re-evaluation
The session ends with grounding techniques, and progress is reviewed in later sessions.
Why It May Work
EMDR seems to mimic what happens during REM sleep, when the brain naturally processes experiences. The eye movements might help the brain "unstick" the trauma and store it in a healthier way — no longer triggering overwhelming responses.
